Lilemong tse peli tse fetileng, 'maraka oa semiconductor o bile le nako ea boom e neng e e-so ka e bonoa, empa ho tloha halofo ea bobeli ea selemo sena, tlhokahalo e fetohile mokhoa o ntseng o fokotseha mme o tobane le nako ea ho putlama.Ha se mohopolo feela, empa le li-wafer foundries le likhamphani tsa meralo ea semiconductor li anngoe ke leqhubu le batang, mme mmaraka oa semiconductor o ka "khutlisa kholo" selemong se tlang.Ntlheng ena, lik'hamphani tse etsang li-semiconductor li se li qalile ho fokotsa matsete litsing le ho tiisa mabanta a tsona;Qala ho qoba tlokotsi.
1. Ho rekisoa ha semiconductor lefatšeng ka bophara kholo e mpe ea 4.1% selemong se tlang
Selemong sena, 'maraka oa semiconductor o fetohile ka potlako ho tloha ho boom ho ea ho o mong' me o feta nakong ea phetoho e matla ho feta leha e le neng pele.
Ho tloha ka 2020, themaraka oa semiconductor, e thabetseng katleho ka lebaka la litšitiso tsa phepelo ea thepa le mabaka a mang, e kene nakong e batang e matla halofo ea bobeli ea selemo sena.Ho latela SIA, thekiso ea semiconductor ea lefats'e e ne e le $47 bilione ka Loetse, e theohile ka 3% ho tloha khoeling eona eo selemong se fetileng.Ena ke thekiso ea pele e fokotsehang ka lilemo tse peli le likhoeli tse robeli ho tloha ka Pherekhong 2020.
Ka sena e le qalo, ho lebelletsoe hore thekiso ea 'maraka ea semiconductor ea lefats'e e tla hola haholo selemong sena le ho khutlisa kholo selemong se tlang.Qetellong ea Pulungoana selemong sena, WSTS e phatlalalitse hore 'maraka oa lefats'e oa semiconductor o lebelletsoe ho hola ka 4.4% ha o bapisoa le selemong se fetileng, ho fihlela lidolara tse limilione tse likete tse 580.1.Sena se fapane haholo le keketseho ea selemo se fetileng ea 26.2% ea thekiso ea li-semiconductor.
Lithekiso tsa semiconductor tsa lefats'e li lebelletsoe ho ba lidolara tse limilione tse likete tse 556.5 selemong se tlang, ho theosa le liperesente tse 4.1 ho tloha selemong sena.Ka Phato feela, WSTS e boletse esale pele hore thekiso ea 'maraka oa semiconductor e tla hola ka 4.6% selemong se tlang, empa e khutletse liprofeteng tse mpe nakong ea likhoeli tsa 3.
Ho fokotseha ha thekiso ea li-semiconductor ho bile teng ka lebaka la ho fokotseha ha thepa ea thepa ea lapeng, lithelevishene, li-smartphone, likhomphutha tsa libuka, le lihlahisoa tse ling tse tlatselletsang, tseo e neng e le tlhokahalo e kholo.Ka nako e ts'oanang, ka lebaka lainflation lefatšeng ka bophara, seoa se secha sa moqhaka, ntoa ea Russia-Ukraine, phaello ea phaello le mabaka a mang, takatso ea bareki ea ho reka e ntse e fokotseha, 'me maraka a bareki a na le nako ea ho tsitsa.
Haholo-holo, thekiso ea li-semiconductors tsa memori e ile ea theoha ka ho fetisisa.Lithekiso tsa memori li theohile ka liperesente tse 12.6 selemong sena ho tloha selemong se fetileng ho ea ho $ 134.4 limilione tse likete, 'me ho lebeletsoe hore li fokotsehe ho feta ka liphesente tse 17 selemong se tlang.
Micron Technology, e boemong ba boraro ho kabelo ea DARM, e phatlalalitse ka la 22 hore kotareng ea pele (September-November 2022), tahlehelo ea ts'ebetso e fihlile ho lidolara tse limilione tse 290.Khamphani e bolela esale pele tahlehelo e kholo le ho feta kotareng ea bobeli ea lichelete tsa 2023 ho fihlela ka Hlakola selemong se tlang.
Likhopolo tse ling tse peli, Samsung Electronics le SK Hannix, li kanna tsa fokotseha kotareng ea bone.Haufinyane tjena, indasteri ea matšeliso e boletse esale pele hore SK Hynix, e itšetlehileng haholo ka mohopolo, e tla ba le khaello ea chelete e fetang $ 800 milione karolong ea bone ea selemo sena.
Ho latela boemo ba 'maraka oa memori ea hajoale, theko ea nnete le eona e theoha haholo.Ho latela setsi, theko e tsitsitseng ea DRAM kotareng ea boraro e theohile ka hoo e ka bang 10% ho isa ho 15% ha e bapisoa le kotara e fetileng.Ka lebaka leo, thekiso ea lefats'e ea DRAM e theohetse ho $ 18,187 milione kotareng ea boraro, e theohile ka 28.9% ho tloha likarolong tse peli tse fetileng.Ena ke phokotseho e kholo ka ho fetisisa ho tloha nakong ea koluoa ea lichelete ea lefats'e ea 2008.
Memori ea Flash ea NAND le eona e ne e fetisoe haholo, ka karolelano ea theko ea thekiso (ASP) karolong ea boraro e theohile ka 18.3% ho tloha kotara e fetileng, mme thekiso ea NAND ea lefats'e karolong ea boraro ea selemo sena e ne e le $ 13,713.6 milione, e theohile ka 24.3% ho tloha kotara e fetileng.
'Maraka oa motheo o boetse o felisitse nako ea 100% ea tšebeliso ea matla.E theohile ho feta 90% likotareng tse tharo tse fetileng le ho feta 80% kamora ho kena karolong ea bone.TSMC, seqhenqha se seholo ka ho fetesisa lefatšeng ka bophara, ho joalo.Litaelo tsa bareki ba k'hamphani kotareng ea bone li ne li theohile ka liperesente tse 40 ho isa ho tse 50 ho tloha qalong ea selemo.
Ho utloisisoa hore lethathamo la lihlahisoa tse behiloeng joalo ka li-smartphones, lithelevishene, matlapa le li-bookbook tsa PC li eketsehile, mme lethathamo la likhamphani tsa semiconductor kotareng ea boraro le eketsehile ka ho feta 50% ha ho bapisoa le kotara ea pele.
Batho ba bang indastering ba lumela hore "ho fihlela halofo ea bobeli ea 2023, ha nako ea selemo e fihla, boemo ba indasteri ea semiconductor bo lebelletsoe ho ntlafala ka botlalo."
2. Ho fokotsa matsete le bokhoni ba tlhahiso ho tla rarollaBothata ba thepa ea IC
Kamora ho fokotseha ha tlhokahalo ea semiconductor le ho bokella thepa, barekisi ba ka sehloohong ba semiconductor ba ile ba qala ts'ebetso e kholo ea ho tiisa ka ho fokotsa tlhahiso le ho fokotsa matsete litsing.Ho ea ka k'hamphani ea pele ea 'maraka IC Insights, matsete a thepa ea semiconductor ea lefats'e selemong se tlang e tla ba 19% e tlase ho feta selemong sena, e fihle ho $ 146,6 limilione tse likete.
SK Hynix e boletse phatlalatsong ea eona ea liphetho tsa kotara ea boraro khoeling e fetileng hore e nkile qeto ea ho fokotsa sekhahla sa matsete ka ho feta 50% selemong se tlang ha se bapisoa le selemong sena.Micron e phatlalalitse hore selemong se tlang e tla fokotsa matsete a lichelete ka ho feta 30% ho tloha morerong oa pele le ho fokotsa palo ea basebetsi ka 10%.Kioxia, e boemong ba boraro ho karolo ea NAND, e boetse e boletse hore tlhahiso ea liphaephe e tla fokotseha ka hoo e ka bang 30% ho tloha ka Mphalane selemong sena.
Ho fapana le hoo, Samsung Electronics, e nang le karolo e kholo ka ho fetisisa ea 'maraka oa memori, e boletse hore e le ho finyella tlhokahalo ea nako e telele, e ke ke ea fokotsa lichelete tsa semiconductor, empa e tla tsoela pele ho ea ka morero.Empa haufinyane tjena, ha ho nahanoa ka mokhoa o ntseng o theoha oa thepa ea indasteri ea memori le litheko, Samsung Electronics e kanna ea fetola phepelo hang kotara ea pele ea selemo se tlang.
Liindasteri tsa semiconductor le tsa foundry le tsona li tla fokotsa matsete a lits'ebeletso.Ka la 27, Intel e hlahisitse leano la ho fokotsa litšenyehelo tsa ts'ebetso ka lidolara tse limilione tse likete tse 3 selemong se tlang le ho fokotsa tekanyetso ea ts'ebetso ka lidolara tse limilione tse likete tse 8 ho isa ho lidolara tse limilione tse likete tse 10 ka 2025 phatlalatsong ea eona ea liphetho tsa kotara ea boraro.Matsete a lichelete selemong sena a ka tlase ho karolo ea 8 lekholong ho feta moralo oa hona joale.
TSMC e boletse phatlalatsong ea eona ea liphetho tsa kotara ea boraro ka Mphalane hore tekanyo ea matsete a setsi selemong sena e ne e reriloe ho ba lidolara tse limilione tse likete tse 40-44 qalong ea selemo, e leng phokotso ea ho feta 10%.UMC e boetse e phatlalalitse phokotso ea matsete a reriloeng a setsi ho tloha ho $3.6 bilione selemong sena.Ka lebaka la phokotso ea morao-rao ea ts'ebeliso ea FAB indastering ea metheo, phokotso ea matsete a setsi selemong se tlang e bonahala e ke ke ea qojoa.
Hewlett-Packard le Dell, bahlahisi ba kholo ka ho fetisisa lefatšeng ba likhomphutha, ba lebelletse hore tlhoko ea likhomphutha tsa motho e tla fokotseha ho feta ka 2023. Dell o tlalehile phokotseho ea karolo ea 6 lekholong ea chelete eohle kotareng ea boraro, ho kenyeletsoa le phokotseho ea karolo ea 17 lekholong ea karolo ea eona, e rekisang lilaptop le li-desktop ho bareki le bareki ba khoebo.
Motsamaisi e Moholo oa HP Enrique Lores o boletse hore lethathamo la li-PC li kanna tsa lula li le holimo likarolong tse peli tse tlang."Hona joale, re na le thepa e ngata, haholo-holo bakeng sa PCS ea bareki, 'me re sebetsa ho fokotsa thepa eo," Lores o itse.
Qetello:Baetsi ba li-chip ba machabeng ba batla ba tsitsitse liponeng tsa bona tsa khoebo bakeng sa 2023 mme ba ikemiselitse ho kenya tšebetsong mehato ea ho thibela litšenyehelo.Leha tlhokahalo ka kakaretso e lebelletsoe ho hlaphoheloa halofong ea bobeli ea selemo se tlang, lik'hamphani tse ngata tsa thekiso ea thepa ha li na bonnete ba hore na ho tla qala neng le hore na pholiso e tla ba efe.
Nako ea poso: Jan-09-2023