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1.Tšebeliso ea mantlha ea lihlahisoa tsa silicon

Lefapheng la semiconductor, lisebelisoa tsa silicon li sebelisoa haholo ha ho etsoa li-diode / transistors, li-circuits tse kopantsoeng, li-rectifiers, thyristors, joalo-joalo Ka ho khetheha, diode / transistors tse entsoeng ka thepa ea silicon li sebelisoa haholo litabeng tsa puisano, radar, kgaso, thelevishene, taolo ea othomathiki. , joalo-joalo;li-circuits tse kopantsoeng li sebelisoa haholo lik'homphieutheng tse fapa-fapaneng, likhokahano, khaso, taolo ea othomathiki, li-stopwatches tsa elektroniki, lisebelisoa le limithara, joalo-joalo;li-rectifiers li sebelisoa haholo ho lokisa;li-thyristors li sebelisoa haholo ho Rectifiers li sebelisoa haholo bakeng sa tokiso, phetisetso ea DC, le kabo, li-locomotives tsa motlakase, ho laola lisebelisoa, li-oscillator tse phahameng, joalo-joalo;li-detectors tsa mahlaseli li sebelisoa haholo bakeng sa tlhahlobo ea matla a athomo, ho lemoha quantum e khanyang;lisele tsa letsatsi li sebelisoa haholo tšimong ea ho hlahisa matla a letsatsi.

2.Na ho na le thepa ea nakong e tlang e ka nkang sebaka sa silicon?

Silicon ke sesebelisoa sa semiconductor se sebelisoang ka ho fetesisa kajeno, empa ho hlaha ha graphene, e tsejoang e le "morena oa lisebelisoa tse ncha", ho entse hore litsebi tse ngata li bolele esale pele hore graphene e ka ba khetho e ntle ho feta silicon, empa e tla itšetleha haholo ka indasteri ea eona. ntshetsopele.

Ke hobane'ng ha graphene e ratoa?Ntle le thepa ea eona ea semiconductor, e seng tlase ho ea silicon, e boetse e na le melemo e mengata eo silicon e se nang eona.Ha moeli oa ts'ebetso oa silicon o nkuoa e le bophara ba mela ea 10nm, ka mantsoe a mang, ha ts'ebetso e le tlase ho feta 10nm, sehlahisoa sa silicon se tla hloka botsitso le ho feta, 'me ts'ebetso e tla ba thata le ho feta.Ho fihlela maemo a holimo a kopanyo le ts'ebetso, lisebelisoa tse ncha tsa semiconductor li tlameha ho sebetsoa, ​​​​'me graphene e ba khetho e ntle.Bo-rasaense ba hlokometse phello ea Holo ea quantum ho graphene mocheso oa kamore, 'me thepa ha e khutlele morao ha e kopana le litšila, e fana ka maikutlo a hore e na le motlakase o matla.Ho feta moo, graphene e bonahala e batla e hlakile, 'me thepa ea eona ea optical ha e ntle feela empa e boetse e fetoha le botenya ba graphene.Ka hona thepa ena e nkoa e loketse hantle likopo tsa optoelectronics.

Mohlomong lebaka la ho bullishness ea graphene e boetse e itšetlehile ka boitsebiso ba eona bo bong: carbon nanomaterials.Li-nanotubes tsa carbon ha li na moroallo, li-tubes tse se nang letho tse entsoeng ka maqephe a graphene a kentsoeng 'meleng o nang le motlakase o motle haholo le mabota a masesaane haholo.Ka khopolo, carbon nanotube chip e nyenyane ho feta silicon chip boemong bo tšoanang ba ho kopanya;ho phaella moo, carbon nanotubes ka boeona e hlahisa mocheso o monyenyane haholo, oo, o kopantsoeng le conductivity ea bona e ntle ea mocheso, o ka fokotsa tšebeliso ea matla;mme mabapi le litšenyehelo tsa ho fumana element ea carbon, ha ho thata ho fumana lisebelisoa tsa carbon, ha ho nahanoa ka kabo ea eona e pharaletseng le litaba tse kholo ka ho lekana lefatšeng.

Ehlile, graphene e se e se e sebelisoa lits'oants'o, libeteri le lisebelisoa tse aparoang, 'me bo-ramahlale ba hatetse pele haholo sebakeng sena sa lipatlisiso, empa ka kakaretso, haeba graphene e tla nka sebaka sa silicon e le kannete mme e be sesebelisoa sa mantlha sa lichifi, boiteko bo bongata bo tla ba teng. ho hlokahala ts'ebetsong ea tlhahiso le theknoloji ea lisebelisoa tse tšehetsang.