Ho tloha bofelong ba lekholo la bo19 la lilemo, litsamaiso tsa kabo ea motlakase (tseo hangata li bitsoang li-grid) e bile mohloli o ka sehloohong oa lefatše oa motlakase.Ha li-grids tsena li etsoa, li sebetsa ka mokhoa o bonolo - ho fehla motlakase le ho o romela malapeng, meahong le hohle moo ho hlokahalang motlakase.
Empa ha tlhoko ea motlakase e ntse e eketseha, ho hlokahala marang-rang a sebetsang hantle haholoanyane.Litsamaiso tsa sejoale-joale tsa "grid e bohlale" tse sebelisoang hona joale lefatšeng ka bophara li itšetlehile ka theknoloji ea morao-rao ho ntlafatsa katleho.Pampiri ena e hlahloba tlhaloso ea marang-rang a bohlale le mahlale a bohlokoa a etsang hore e be bohlale.
Ke engtheknoloji ea marang-rang e bohlale?
Gridi e bohlale ke sesebelisoa sa kabo ea matla se fanang ka puisano ea litsela tse peli lipakeng tsa bafani ba lisebelisoa le bareki.Litheknoloji tsa dijithale tse nolofalletsang litheknoloji tsa marang-rang tse bohlale li kenyelletsa li-sensor tsa motlakase / tsa hajoale, lisebelisoa tsa taolo, litsi tsa data le limithara tse bohlale.
Li-grid tse ling tse bohlale li bohlale ho feta tse ling.Linaha tse ngata li tsepamisitse maikutlo a mangata ho fetola li-grids tse sa sebetseng tsa kabo ho li-grids tse bohlale, empa phetoho e rarahane 'me e tla nka lilemo kapa esita le mashome a lilemo.
Mehlala ea mahlale a marang-rang a bohlale le likarolo tse bohlale tsa grid
Smart Meters - Limithara tse bohlale ke mohato oa pele oa ho aha marang-rang a bohlale.Limithara tse bohlale li fana ka lintlha tsa tšebeliso ea matla ho bareki le bahlahisi ba lisebelisoa.Ba fana ka leseli la tšebeliso ea matla le litšenyehelo ho hlokomelisa basebelisi ho fokotsa tšenyo ea matla le ho thusa bafani ba thepa ho ntlafatsa phano ea matla ho marang-rang.Limithara tse bohlale ka kakaretso li na le litsamaiso tse tharo tse kholo: sistimi ea matla ea ho metha tšebeliso ea matla, microcontroller ho laola theknoloji ka har'a meter e bohlale, le sistimi ea puisano ho romella le ho amohela tšebeliso ea matla / litaelo.Ho feta moo, limithara tse ling tse bohlale li ka ba le matla a ho boloka (ha mohala o ka sehloohong oa kabo o theohile) le li-module tsa GSM ho supa sebaka sa metara molemong oa ts'ireletso.
Matsete a lefats'e ho limithara tse bohlale a eketsehile habeli lilemong tse leshome tse fetileng.Ka 2014, letsete la selemo le selemo la lefats'e la limithara tse bohlale e ne e le $ 11 milione.Ho latela Statista, matsete a lefats'e a bohlale a fihla ho $21 milione ka 2019, ho nahanoa ka melemo ea ts'ebetso ea sistimi ho kenya ts'ebetsong limithara tse bohlale.
Li-switches tse laolang mojaro o bohlale le li-switchboards tsa kabo - Le hoja limithara tse bohlale li ka fana ka lintlha tsa nako ea sebele ho bafani ba lisebelisoa, ha li laole ka boomo kabo ea matla.Ho ntlafatsa phepelo ea motlakase nakong ea ts'ebeliso e phahameng haholo kapa libakeng tse itseng, lits'ebeletso tsa motlakase li sebelisa lisebelisoa tsa taolo ea motlakase joalo ka li-switches tse bohlale tsa taolo ea mojaro le li-switchboards.Theknoloji ena e boloka matla a mangata ka ho fokotsa ho ajoa ho sa hlokahaleng kapa ho laola ka bo eona meroalo e fetang nako e lumelletsoeng ea tšebeliso.Ho ntlafatsa phepelo ea motlakase nakong ea ts'ebeliso e phahameng haholo kapa libakeng tse itseng, lits'ebeletso tsa motlakase li sebelisa lisebelisoa tsa taolo ea motlakase joalo ka li-switches tse bohlale tsa taolo ea mojaro le li-switchboards.Theknoloji ena e boloka matla a mangata ka ho fokotsa ho ajoa ho sa hlokahaleng kapa ho laola ka bo eona meroalo e fetang nako e lumelletsoeng ea tšebeliso.
Ka mohlala, toropo ea Wadsworth, Ohio, e sebelisa mokhoa oa ho aba motlakase o hahiloeng ka 1916. Toropo ea Wadsworth e sebelisane le Itron, moetsi oaLiphetoho tsa Smart Load Control(SLCS), ho fokotsa tšebeliso ea motlakase oa sistimi ka lihora tse 5,300 tsa megawatt ka ho kenya SLCS malapeng ho potoloha li-compressor tsa moea nakong ea ts'ebeliso e phahameng ea motlakase.Power System Automation - Motlakase oa tsamaiso ea motlakase o khoneha ka theknoloji ea marang-rang e bohlale, e sebelisang lisebelisoa tsa morao-rao tsa IT ho laola sehokelo se seng le se seng sa ketane ea kabo.Ka mohlala, litsamaiso tsa motlakase tse itirisang li sebelisa litsamaiso tse bohlale tsa ho bokella lintlha (tse tšoanang le tsa limithara tse bohlale), litsamaiso tsa taolo ea matla (joalo ka li-switches tse laolang meroalo e bohlale), lisebelisoa tsa tlhahlobo, litsamaiso tsa likhomphutha, le li-algorithms tsa sistimi ea matla.Motsoako oa likarolo tsena tsa bohlokoa o lumella gridi (kapa li-grids tse ngata) ho itlhophisa le ho intlafatsa ka tšebelisano e fokolang ea batho e hlokahalang.
Ts'ebetsong ea Smart Grid
Ha thekenoloji ya dijithale, puisano ya batho ba babedi le ditheknoloji tsa othomathike di kenngwa tshebetsong ho marangrang a bohlale, diphetoho tse ngatanyana tsa meralo ya motheo di tla hodisa bokgoni ba grid.Ho kenngwa tshebetsong ha Smart Grid ho nolofaditse diphetoho tse latelang tsa meralo ya motheo:
1.Tlhahiso ea matla e arohaneng
Hobane marang-rang a bohlale a ka tsoela pele ho beha leihlo le ho laola kabo ea matla, ha ho sa hlokahala setsi se le seng se seholo sa motlakase ho fehla motlakase.Ho e-na le hoo, motlakase o ka hlahisoa ke liteishene tse ngata tse arohaneng tsa matla, joalo ka li-turbine tsa moea, mapolasi a letsatsi, liphanele tsa letsatsi tsa photovoltaic, matamo a manyane a motlakase, jj.
2.Mmaraka o arohaneng
Lisebelisoa tsa marang-rang tse bohlale li boetse li tšehetsa khokahanyo ea li-grids tse ngata e le mokhoa oa ho arolelana matla ka bohlale ho pholletsa le mekhoa ea setso e bohareng.Mohlala, nakong e fetileng, bomasepala ba ne ba na le disebediswa tse arohaneng tsa tlhahiso tse neng di sa hokelwa ho bomasepala ba boahelani.Ka ho kenngwa tshebetsong ha meralo ya motheo ya marangrang a bohlale, bomasepala ba ka kenya letsoho morerong o kopanetsweng wa tlhahiso ho fedisa ho itshetleha ha tlhahiso ha motlakase o kgaoha.
3.Phetiso e nyane
E 'ngoe ea litšila tse kholo ka ho fetisisa tsa matla a marang-rang ke kabo ea matla libakeng tse telele.Ha ho nahanoa hore li-grids tse bohlale li arola lihlahisoa le limmaraka, sebaka sa kabo ea marang-rang ka har'a marang-rang a bohlale se fokotsehile haholo, kahoo se fokotsa litšila tsa kabo.Ka mohlala, nahana ka polasi e nyenyane ea letsatsi ea sechaba e fehlang 100% ea litlhoko tsa sechaba tsa motlakase motšehare, bohōle ba k'hilomithara e le 'ngoe feela.Ntle le polasi ea letsatsi ea lehae, sechaba se ka hloka ho fumana motlakase setsing se seholo sa motlakase se bohole ba lik'hilomithara tse 100.Tahlehelo ea matla e bonoang nakong ea phetisetso ho tsoa lifemeng tsa motlakase tse hole e kanna ea ba kholo ka makhetlo a lekholo ho feta tahlehelo ea phetiso e bonoang ho tsoa mapolasing a letsatsi.
4.Kabo ea litsela tse peli
Tabeng ea mapolasi a letsatsi a sebakeng seo, ho ka 'na ha e-ba le boemo boo polasi ea letsatsi e ka hlahisang matla a mangata ho feta a sebelisoang ke sechaba, kahoo a theha matla a mangata a matla.Joale matla ana a feteletseng a ka arolelanoa ka har'a marang-rang a bohlale, a thusa ho fokotsa tlhokahalo e tsoang lifemeng tsa motlakase tse hole.
Tabeng ena, matla a phalla ho tloha polasing ea letsatsi ho ea ho grid e kholo e seng ea sechaba nakong ea motšehare, empa ha polasi ea letsatsi e sa sebetse, matla a phalla ho tloha marang-rang a maholo ho ea sechabeng seo.Phallo ena ea matla a mahlakore a mabeli e ka hlahlojoa le ho ntlafatsoa ka li-algorithms tsa kabo ea matla ho netefatsa hore matla a fokolang a senyeha ka nako efe kapa efe nakong ea ts'ebeliso.
5.Ho kenya letsoho ha basebelisi
Moahong oa marang-rang o bohlale o nang le kabo ea mahlakore a mabeli le meeli e arotsoeng, basebelisi ba khona ho sebetsa joalo ka lijenereithara tse nyane.Ka mohlala, matlo a batho ka bomong a ka ba le lisebelisoa tsa letsatsi tse ikemetseng tsa photovoltaic tse hlahisang motlakase ha li sebelisoa.Haeba tsamaiso ea PV ea bolulo e hlahisa matla a feteletseng, matla ana a ka fetisetsoa ho marang-rang a maholo, a fokotsa tlhokahalo ea limela tse kholo tsa motlakase tse bohareng.
Bohlokoa ba Smart Grid
Boemong ba macroeconomic, li-grids tse bohlale li bohlokoa ho fokotsa tšebeliso ea motlakase.Bafani ba lits'ebeletso tse ngata tsa lehae le mebuso ba fana ka mehato e mosa le e mabifi ho kenya letsoho ho amoheloeng ha marang-rang a bohlale hobane e na le molemo oa lichelete le tikoloho.Ka ho sebelisa marang-rang a bohlale, tlhahiso ea matla e ka aroloa, kahoo ho felisa kotsi ea ho tima, ho fokotsa litšenyehelo tsa tsamaiso ea motlakase, le ho felisa litšila tse sa hlokahaleng.
Nako ea poso: Mar-15-2023