Tlhahiso e chesang ea Ic chip (Elektroniki Components IC Semiconductor chip ) XAZU3EG-1SFVC784I

Litšobotsi tsa Sehlahisoa

Tlaleha Phoso ea Boitsebiso ba Sehlahisoa

Sheba E tšoanang

Litokomane & Media

Maemo a Tikoloho le Liantle

tsamaiso-on-chip(SoC)

Atsamaiso holim'a chipkapatsamaiso-on-chip(SoC) kepotoloho e kopanetsoenge kopanyang boholo kapa likarolo tsohle tsa komporo kapa tse lingtsamaiso ea elektronike.Likarolo tsena hoo e ka bang kamehla li kenyelletsa asetsi sa ho sebetsa bohareng(CPU),mohopolointerfaces, on-chipse kenyang/setsoanglisebelisoa,se kenyang/setsoanginterfaces, lepolokelo ea bobeliinterfaces, hangata hammoho le likarolo tse ling tse kangli-modem tsa radiole ayuniti ea ts'ebetso ea litšoantšo(GPU) - kaofela ka nako e le 'ngoesubstratekapa microchip.^[1]E ka ba letsa digital,analoge,motsoako wa pontsho, le hangatamaqhubu a seea-le-moea ts'ebetso ea mats'oaomesebetsi (ho seng joalo e nkuoa e le processor ea kopo feela).

Li-SoC tse sebetsang hantle hangata li penta ka mohopolo o inehetseng le o arohaneng oa 'mele le polokelo ea bobeli (joalo kaLPDDRleeUFSkapaeMMC, ka ho latellana) li-chips, tse ka beoang ka holim'a SoC ho se tsejoang e le asephutheloana ka har'a sephutheloana(PoP) tlhophiso, kapa e behoe haufi le SoC.Ho feta moo, li-SoCs li ka sebelisa mohala o arohanengli-modem.^[2]

Li-SoC li fapane le litloaelo tse tloaelehilengmotherboard-e thehiloePC meaho, e arolang likarolo tse thehiloeng mosebetsing le ho li kopanya ka boto ea potoloho e bohareng ea interfacing.^{[nb 1]}Le ha board ea bo-mme e ntse e hokela likarolo tse ka nkehang kapa tse ka nkeloang sebaka, li-SoC li kopanya likarolo tsena kaofela ho potoloho e le 'ngoe e kopaneng.SoC hangata e tla kopanya CPU, lits'oants'o le lihokelo tsa memori,^{[nb 2]}polokelo ea bobeli le khokahanyo ea USB,^{[nb 3]} phihlello e sa reroanglebala feela mehopolole polokelo ea bobeli le/kapa balaoli ba bona ho potoloho e le 'ngoe ba shoa, athe boardboard e ne e tla hokahanya li-module tsena joalo kalikarolo tse ikhethangkapalikarete tsa katoloso.

SoC e kopanya amicrocontroller,microprocessorkapa mohlomong li-processor cores tse 'maloa tse nang le peripherals joalo ka aGPU,WiFilemarangrang a cellularlimodemo tsa radio, le/kapa e le 'ngoe kapa ho fetali-coprocessors.Joalo ka ha microcontroller e kopanya microprocessor e nang le li-circuits tsa peripheral le memori, SoC e ka bonoa e kopanya microcontroller e tsoetseng pele le ho feta.peripherals.Bakeng sa kakaretso ea ho kopanya likarolo tsa tsamaiso, bonakopanyo ya tsamaiso.

Meralo ea sistimi ea khomphutha e kopantsoeng ka thata haholoanyane e ea ntlafalatshebetsole ho fokotsatshebediso ya matla'moho lesemiconductor shoasebaka ho feta meralo ea li-chip tse ngata tse nang le ts'ebetso e ts'oanang.Sena se tla ka litšenyehelo tsa ho fokotsehaho nkela sebakaea likarolo.Ka tlhaloso, meralo ea SoC e kopantsoe ka botlalo kapa e batla e hokahane ka botlalo ho likarolo tse fapanengli-module.Ka lebaka la mabaka ana, ho 'nile ha e-ba le mokhoa o akaretsang oa ho kopanya likarolo tse thata hoindasteri ea lisebelisoa tsa khomphutha, karolo e 'ngoe ka lebaka la tšusumetso ea li-SoC le lithuto tse ithutoang ho tsoa mebarakeng ea mehala le e kenyellelitsoeng ea likhomphutha.Li-SoCs li ka nkuoa e le karolo ea mokhoa o moholo o lebisang hokhomphutha e kenelletsengleho potlakisa hardware.

Li-SoC li atile haholo homobile computing(joalo ka holi-smartphonelelik'homphieutha tsa tablet) lekhomphutha ea moelimebaraka.^[3][4]Li boetse li sebelisoa hangatalitsamaiso tse kentsoengjoalo ka li-routers tsa WiFi leInthanete ea lintho.

Mefuta

Ka kakaretso, ho na le mefuta e meraro e khethollang ea li-SoC:

• Li-SoCs li hahiloe ho pota-pota amicrocontroller,
• Li-SoCs li hahiloe ho pota-pota amicroprocessor, hangata li fumaneha lithelefonong tsa cellular;
• Tse khethehilengsesebelisoa se khethehileng se kopantseng potolohoLi-SoC tse etselitsoeng lits'ebetso tse ikhethileng tse sa lumellaneng le mekhahlelo e 'meli e kaholimo.

Lisebelisoa[edita]

Li-SoC li ka sebelisoa mosebetsing ofe kapa ofe oa komporo.Leha ho le joalo, hangata li sebelisoa ho likhomphutha tsa mehala joalo ka matlapa, li-smartphones, li-smartwatches le netbooks hammoho le.litsamaiso tse kentsoengle lits'ebetsong moo peleli-microcontrollere ne e tla sebelisoa.

Sistimi e kentsoeng[edita]

Moo pele ho neng ho ka sebelisoa li-microcontroller feela, li-SoC li ntse li phahama 'marakeng oa litsamaiso tse kenelletseng.Ho kopanya tsamaiso e thata ho fana ka ts'epo e ntle le hobolela nako pakeng tsa ho hloleha, 'me li-SoC li fana ka ts'ebetso e tsoetseng pele le matla a komporo ho feta li-microcontroller.^[5]Likopo li kenyelletsaHo potlakisa AI, e kentsoengpono ea mochine,^[6] pokello ea lintlha,telemetry,ts'ebetso ea vectorleambient intelligence.Hangata li-SoC tse kenelletseng li lebisa tlhokomelo hointhanete ea lintho,inthanete ea lintho tsa indasterilekhomphutha ea moelimebaraka.

Mobile computing[edita]

Mobile computingLi-SoCs tse thehiloeng kamehla li bokella li-processor, mehopolo, ho-chiplipolokelo,marang-rang a se nang mohalabokgoni le hangatakhamera ea digitalhardware le firmware.Ka boholo bo ntseng bo eketseha ba memori, li-SoCs tse phahameng hangata li ke ke tsa ba le mohopolo le polokelo ea flash mme ho fapana le moo, memori lememori ea flashe tla behoa haufi le, kapa ka holimo (sephutheloana ka har'a sephutheloana), SoC.^[7]Mehlala e meng ea li-SoC tsa komporo ea mobile e kenyelletsa:

• Samsung Electronics:lethathamo, hangata e thehiloe hoARM
  • Exynos, e sebelisoang haholo ke Samsung'sGalaxyletoto la li-smartphone
• Qualcomm:
  • Snapdragon(lethathamo), e sebelisoang ho tse ngataLG,Xiaomi,Google Pixel,HTCle li-smartphones tsa Samsung Galaxy.Ka 2018, Snapdragon SoCs e ntse e sebelisoa e le mokokotlo oali-laptopsmathangWindows 10, e rekisoang e le "Likhomphutha tse Hokahantsoeng Kamehla".^[8][9]